https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation fr https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=73 Encounters in translation is a biannual, transdisciplinary, international and multilingual journal on translation. It is a Diamond Open Access journal (free of charge to authors and readers) that operates an open, multilingual, and community-supported translation policy. Encounters is double-blind peer-reviewed and all its contents are licensed under Creative Commons. Aims and scope Types of contributions What to submit and where to submit Editorial process from submission to publication Open, Multilingual, and Community-Supported Translation Academic integrity and ethical standards Diamond Open Access License and intellectual property Aims and scope Encounters in translation is an international, peer-reviewed, Diamond Open Access and biannual journal which publishes original research on translation from the perspective of any discipline. Conceived as a space of reflection on the critical significance of translation, it interrogates the processes of mediation and refraction of linguistic, cultural and power differentials at play in knowledge production and circulation. Encounters goes beyond the common perception of translation as source-target transfer, understanding translation instead as both a historical and a contemporary practice, and as a transdisciplinary object of enquiry encompassing highly interconnected, diverse and elusive processes of mediation, including but not limited to transediting, multilingual production of content, fixing, interpreting, bilingual br ven., 17 juil. 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=73 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=1152 Encounters in translation functions thanks to the volunteer work of its editors and translators, and to voluntary donations by individuals and institutions. No one in Encounters in translation benefits financially and the platform hosting the journal, Prairial, reaps no financial benefit from this publication. The only exception is that, thanks to our generous sponsors, the daily, logistical support provided by the editorial officer is remunerated, to ensure continuity and a fair working environment. How can you support Encounters? Financial support Translation support Promotional support Financial support Individuals and collectives (research projects, research units, universities, associations, institutions, etc.) willing to financially support the journal can make a donation through the following options: Contributing to our Donation Tin Individuals and collectives can donate to the Association rencontres en traduction if they wish to support the journal, through our online donation tin. Donors may benefit from a tax reduction, depending on the country in which they are based. They are listed on our website in the journal’s List of donors. Financially supporting a specific issue or paper Once their paper has been accepted for publication in Encounters, authors and/or their institutions, research projects, or research units may provide voluntary financial support to the journal. They will be acknowledged in the front matter of the corresponding issue, in the Editors’ notes, mer., 15 juil. 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=1152 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=1150 Rencontres en traduction fonctionne grâce au travail bénévole de ses rédacteur·rices et de ses traducteur·rices, et grâce aux dons volontaires de particuliers et d’institutions. Chez Rencontres, personne n’est rémunéré et Prairial ne fait pas d’argent sur l’hébergement de notre revue sur sa plateforme. Seul le travail logistique quotidien effectué par la secrétaire de rédaction est rémunéré, grâce à nos précieux soutiens, et ce afin de garantir un environnement de travail équitable. Soutenir Rencontres financièrement Soutenir Rencontres en traduisant Soutenir Rencontres en faisant sa promotion Soutenir Rencontres financièrement Les personnes physiques (particuliers) et morales (projets de recherche, unités de recherche, laboratoires, universités, associations ou autre institution, etc.) souhaitant soutenir financièrement la revue peuvent faire un don : En participant aux campagnes de crowdfunding de l’association Les personnes physiques et morales souhaitant soutenir la revue peuvent contribuer à la tirelire de dons en ligne de l’Association rencontres en traduction. Les donateur·ices peuvent bénéficier d’une réduction d’impôts selon le pays où ils sont établis et apparaissent sur la liste de donateur·rices de la revue. En apportant un soutien financier à un numéro ou un article Les auteur·rices dont l’article a été accepté et/ou leur institution, projet ou unité de recherche peuvent apporter un soutien financier à la revue. Les donatveur·ices seront reconnu·es sur l’entêt mer., 08 juil. 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=1150 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=77 Rencontres en traduction est une revue semestrielle, transdisciplinaire, internationale et multilingue sur la traduction. Elle est publiée en accès ouvert diamant (gratuite pour les auteur·rices et les lecteur·rices) et met en œuvre une politique de traduction ouverte, multilingue et soutenue par la communauté. Ses contenus font l’objet d’une évaluation en double aveugle par les pair·es et sont publiés sous licence Creative Commons. Ligne éditoriale Types de contribution Instructions pour la soumission d’un article Processus éditorial : de la soumission d’un article à sa publication Traduction ouverte, multilingue et soutenue par la communauté Intégrité académique et principes d’éthique Accès ouvert diamant Licence et propriété intellectuelle Ligne éditoriale Rencontres en traduction est une revue internationale semestrielle à comité de lecture, en accès ouvert diamant, qui publie des travaux de recherche originaux, issus de toutes disciplines, sur la traduction. Conçue comme un espace de réflexion sur la valeur critique de la traduction, elle interroge les processus de médiation et de réfraction des différences linguistiques, culturelles et de pouvoir qui entrent en jeu dans la production et la circulation des connaissances. Rencontres dépasse la perception habituelle de la traduction comme un transfert de la source à la cible, entendant plutôt la traduction comme une pratique tant historique que contemporaine, et comme un objet d'étude transdisciplinaire qui englobe de no mer., 01 juil. 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=77 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=91 Encounters in translation is steered by an international, interdisciplinary and multilingual team of scholars: Director of publicationEditorsAdvisory boardEditorial office Bionotes Director of publication The Director of publication is the legal representative of the publisher (Association rencontres en traduction) and oversees all aspects of the publication: Julie Boéri, President of Association rencontres en traduction Editors As the decision makers of Encounters in translation, the Editors define the editorial policy of the journal and ensure adherence to scientific and ethical standards throughout the editorial process from submission to publication; they initially determine whether the proposed contents are in line with the aims and scope of the journal and take the final decision on the acceptance of the paper after double-blind peer review; they ensure the scientific and editorial quality of the journal and of all related public communication and relations: Mona Baker, University of Oslo, NorwayJulie Boéri, University of Manchester, UK Sue-Ann Harding, Queen’s University Belfast, UKMoira Inghilleri, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USAAbdel-Wahab Khalifa, Queen’s University Belfast, UKMaialen Marin-Lacarta, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, SpainRobert Neather, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong S.A.R., ChinaMustafa Riad, Ain Shams University, Egypt Kayvan Tahmasebian, SOAS University of London, UKRebecca Tipton, University of Manchester, UK Advisory board mer., 01 juil. 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=91 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=119 Rencontres en traduction est pilotée par une équipe internationale, interdisciplinaire et multilingue de chercheur·euses : Directrice de publicationComité de rédactionComité scientifiqueSecrétariat d’édition Notes biographiques Directrice de publication La directrice de publication est la représentante légale de l’éditeur (Association rencontres en traduction) et supervise tous les aspects de la publication de la revue : Julie Boéri, Présidente de l’Association rencontres en traduction Comité de rédaction En tant qu’organe décisionnel de Rencontres en traduction, le comité de rédaction définit la politique éditoriale de la revue et veille au respect des exigences scientifiques et des principes éthiques pendant tout le processus éditorial de la soumission à la publication des contenus ; il statue sur l’adéquation des contenus proposés à la ligne éditoriale de la revue et prend la décision finale concernant l’acceptation des articles après évaluation en double aveugle ; il veille à la qualité scientifique et rédactionnelle de la revue et de toute communication et relations qui y sont associés. Rédacteur·rices : Mona Baker, University of Oslo, NorvègeJulie Boéri, University of Manchester, Royaume Uni Sue-Ann Harding, Queen’s University Belfast, Royaume UniMoira Inghilleri, University of Massachusetts Amherst, États UnisAbdel-Wahab Khalifa, Queen’s University Belfast, Royaume UniMaialen Marin-Lacarta, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, EspagneRobert Neather, Hong Kong Baptist mer., 01 juil. 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=119 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=1633 AI’s substantial ecological costs are eliciting increasing concern. Large language models (LLMs) in particular have become a prominent fixture in the AI landscape and across the wider economy, while neural machine translation (NMT) is also frequently upheld as a premiere example of the triumphs of AI. Amid the worsening climate crisis, language professionals and translation scholars are grappling with the environmental dimensions of the field’s frequent engagement with these technologies. Confronting AI’s environmental harms within and beyond professional translation requires contending with the powerful structural forces that shape and escalate these technologies’ use across society. To this end, the article takes up Piñeiro’s (2022) call for “counterhegemonic translation” (la traducción contrahegemónica) in support of collective efforts to challenge powerful actors perpetuating socioenvironmental harms. This approach gives central importance to translation as a vital process through which those “on the frontline of the fight against extractivism” (en la primera línea de la lucha contra el extractivismo) are able to “access the information they need, secure key materials, and build networks of international solidarity” (acceden a la información que necesitan, se apropian de materiales claves y construyen redes de solidaridad internacional) (Piñeiro, 2022, p. 159, my translation). Adopting this ethos of resistance, this article develops a framework for eco-translation practic jeu., 25 juin 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=1633 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=978 The current model of knowledge construction, circulation, and translation appears unsustainable on several accounts in the context of the global publishing industry. This industry is now controlled by an oligopoly of publishers, is dependent in its functioning on the exploitation of authors, and unduly privileges scholarship produced in the Global North, and in a very limited number of languages. In this context, AI-generated and machine translation are increasingly called upon to provide immediate, multilingual dissemination of data and are promoted through a rhetoric of equity, despite the fact that they exacerbate already entrenched inequities in global knowledge circulation. Encounters in translation actively promotes an alternative model that challenges the global publishing industry and its increased dependence on AI-powered automated translation. The journal adopts an open, multilingual, and community-supported translation model that recognizes the labour of editors, authors, and translators, and promotes open science and the inclusion of scholars located in the Global South. We write on behalf of the editors of the journal to call for adopting a model of humane translation that seeks to enrich scientific dialogue and deliberation, open up disciplinary, language, and racial silos, and bypass inequitable and ecocidal AI-powered infrastructures that reduce translation to a mere vector of large-scale dissemination of research findings. Harnessing the potential of the open science movement, transdisciplinarity, and translation studies from this critical perspective allows us to create humane translational spaces that can accommodate equitable and sustainable ecosystems of knowledge production and circulation. A longer abstract of this article in this language can be found here: synopsis. Le modèle actuel de construction, de circulation et de traduction des savoirs semble intenable à plusieurs égards dans le contexte de l’industrie mondiale de l’édition. Cette industrie est désormais contrôlée par un oligopole d’éditeurs ; elle fonctionne grâce à l’exploitation des auteur.rices et privilégie démesurément les connaissances produites dans le Nord global, et ce, dans un nombre de langues très limité. Dans ce contexte, le recours à la traduction automatique et générée par l’IA pour une diffusion immédiate et multilingue des données est de plus en plus fréquent et soutenu au moyen d’une rhétorique de l’équité, alors qu’il exacerbe des inégalités déjà bien ancrées dans la circulation mondiale des savoirs. Encounters in translation encourage activement un modèle alternatif qui remet en question l’industrie mondiale de l’édition et sa dépendance croissante de la traduction automatique et générée par l’IA. La revue adopte un modèle de traduction ouvert et transparent, multilingue et soutenu par la communauté qui reconnaît le travail des rédacteur.ices, des auteur.rices, des traducteur.rices et qui soutient les sciences ouvertes et l’inclusion des chercheur.euses situé.es dans le Sud global. Nous écrivons ici au nom du comité de rédaction de la revue pour appeler de nos vœux l’adoption d’un modèle humain de traduction cherchant à enrichir le dialogue et la délibération, à sortir des cloisonnements disciplinaires, linguistiques et raciaux et à contourner les infrastructures inéquitables et écocides de l’IA, où la traduction est reléguée au rang de simple vecteur de diffusion à grande échelle des résultats de la recherche. Saisir le potentiel du mouvement des sciences ouvertes, de la transdisciplinarité et des études de traduction dans cette perspective critique nous permet de créer des espaces traductionnels avec humanité capables d’accueillir des écosystèmes équitables et durables de production et de circulation des connaissances.Traduction de Julie Boéri. Un résumé plus long de cet article est disponible ici : synopsis. يبدو النموذج الحالي لبناء المعرفة وتداولها وترجمتها غير مستدام من عدة نواحٍ في سياق صناعة النشر العالمية، إذ تهيمن على هذه الصناعة حاليًا قلةٌ محتكرةٌ من الناشرين، وتعتمد في عملها على استغلال المؤلفين، كما تمنح امتيازات غير مبررة للأبحاث المُنتَجَة في دول الشمال العالمي، وبعدد محدودٍ جدًا من اللغات. وفي هذا السياق، تزداد الاستعانة بالترجمة الآلية والترجمة المُوَلَّدة بالذكاء الاصطناعي لتوفير نشر فوري ومتعدد اللغات للبيانات، ويُرَوَّجُ لذلك بخطابٍ يزعم الإنصاف، رغم أن هذه الممارسات تُفاقِم أوجه عدم المساواة المترسخة بالفعل في تداول المعرفة على الصعيد العالمي. وتعمل مجلةEncounters in Translation (لقاءات في الترجمة) بحرصٍ على الترويج لنموذجٍ بديلٍ يتحدى النموذج السائد في صناعة النشر العالمية واعتمادها المتزايد على الترجمة الآلية والمدعومة بالذكاء الاصطناعي، إذ تتبنى المجلة نموذجًا مفتوحًا للترجمة متعدد اللغات ومدعومًا من المجتمع، يعترف بجهود المحررين والمؤلفين والمترجمين، ويدعم العلوم المفتوحة ويُعزِّز شمولية الباحثين من دول الجنوب العالمي. نكتب نيابةً عن محرري المجلة للدعوة إلى تبني نموذجٍ إنسانيٍ للترجمة يسعى لإثراء الحوار العلمي والتفكير النقدي، وكسر الحدود التخصصية واللغوية والعرقية، وتجاوز البُنى التحتية غير العادلة والمُدمِّرة للبيئة المدعومة بالذكاء الاصطناعي التي تختزل الترجمة إلى مجرد أداة لنشر نتائج الأبحاث على نطاقٍ واسعٍ وسريع. إنَّ تسخير إمكانات حركة العلوم المفتوحة والتعددية التخصصية ودراسات الترجمة من هذا المنظور النقدي يتيح لنا خلق فضاءاتِ ترجمةٍ إنسانيةٍ قادرةٍ على استيعاب نُظُمٍ بيئيةٍ عادلةٍ ومستدامةٍ لإنتاج المعرفة وتداولها.ترجمة عبد الوهاب خليفة، يمكن الحصول على نسخة أطول من المقال هنا: عرض موجز El actual modelo de producción, circulación y traducción del conocimiento parece a todas luces insostenible en el contexto de la industria editorial a nivel mundial. Dicha industria está actualmente controlada por un oligopolio de editoriales, cuya manera de operar se basa en la explotación de los autores, al tiempo que privilegia en demasía la producción académica del Norte Global, la cual se realiza en un número muy reducido de idiomas. En este contexto, cada vez se recurre con más frecuencia a la traducción automática y a la generada por inteligencia artificial (IA) para ofrecer una difusión multilingüe e inmediata de la información; todo ello envuelto en una retórica de equidad, a pesar de que estas no hacen sino que intensificar las injusticias bien enraizadas en la circulación del conocimiento a nivel mundial. Encounters in translation promueve activamente un modelo alternativo que cuestiona la industria editorial global y su cada vez mayor dependencia de la traducción automatizada mediante IA. La revista adopta un modelo de traducción abierta y transparente, multilingüe y apoyado por la comunidad; un modelo que reconoce la labor de las personas que editan, escriben y traducen, al tiempo que promueve la ciencia abierta y la inclusión de la comunidad académica e investigadora del Sur Global. Escribimos en nombre del equipo editorial de la revista para reivindicar la adopción de un modelo humano de traducción cuyo objetivo sea enriquecer la deliberación y el diálogo científicos, abrir los compartimentos estancos académicos, lingüísticos y raciales, y evitar caer en las ecocidas infraestructuras accionadas por la IA, las cuales reducen la traducción a un mero vector de difusión a gran escala de resultados de investigación. Si aprovechamos el potencial del movimiento por una ciencia abierta, de la transdisciplinariedad y de los estudios de traducción desde esta perspectiva crítica, podremos crear espacios traslacionales con humanidad, capaces de albergar ecosistemas de producción y circulación del conocimiento justos y sostenibles.Traducción de Pedro Jesús Castillo Ortiz. Para acceder a una versión más extensa del artículo, pinche aquí: sinopsis. L’attuale modello di costruzione, circolazione e traduzione del sapere appare insostenibile sotto diversi aspetti nel contesto dell’industria editoriale globale, che al momento è controllata da un oligopolio di editori, che dipende dallo sfruttamento degli autori per il suo funzionamento e che indebitamente privilegia la conoscenza prodotta nel Nord globale, in un numero di lingue estremamente limitato. In questo contesto, la traduzione automatica e generata dall’intelligenza artificiale viene utilizzata per l’immediata disseminazione dei dati in molte lingue e viene promossa attraverso la retorica dell’equità, nonostante contribuisca ad aggravare le disuguaglianze già consolidate nella circolazione globale del sapere. In contrapposizione al modello dell’industria editoriale globale e alla sua crescente dipendenza dalla traduzione automatica basata sull’intelligenza artificiale, Encounters in translation adotta un modello di traduzione aperto, multilingue e sostenuto da una comunità di persone, riconoscendo il lavoro di redattori, autori e traduttori e promuovendo la scienza aperta e l’inclusione di studiosi del Sud globale. Scriviamo a nome dei curatori della rivista per sollecitare l’adozione di un modello di traduzione umana e solidale che cerchi di arricchire il dialogo scientifico e la deliberazione, di aprire i compartimenti stagni disciplinari, linguistici e razziali, e di aggirare le infrastrutture alimentate dall’intelligenza artificiale che promuovono la disuguaglianza e l’ecocidio e riducono la traduzione a un semplice vettore per la disseminazione su larga scala dei risultati della ricerca. Questa prospettiva critica ci permette di consolidare le potenzialità del movimento per la scienza aperta, della transdisciplinarietà e degli studi sulla traduzione, e di creare spazi di traduzione umani e solidali che possono ospitare ecosistemi di produzione e circolazione del sapere equi e sostenibili.Traduzione di Federico Zanettin. Un riassunto più lungo di questo articolo in questa lingua si può trovare qui: sinossi. 현재의 지식 구축, 유통, 번역 모델은 글로벌 출판 산업의 맥락에서 볼 때 여러 측면에서 지속 가능하지 않은 것으로 보인다. 글로벌 출판 산업은 현재 일부 출판사의 독과점에 의해 통제되고 있고, 저자에 대한 착취에 의존하며, 글로벌 노스(Global North)에서 생산된 학문에 부당하게 특권을 부여하고, 매우 제한된 수의 언어로만 제공되고 있다. 이러한 맥락에서, AI 번역 및 기계 번역은 데이터의 즉각적인 다국어 배포를 위해 점차 더 많은 수요가 발생하고 있으며, 글로벌 지식 유통 과정에서 이미 고착화된 불평등을 심화한다는 사실에도 불구하고 형평성 담론(rhetoric of equity)을 통해 장려되고 있다. 『Encounters in translation』은 글로벌 출판 산업과 증가하는 AI 기반 자동 번역 의존에 도전하는 대안 모델을 적극 제시한다. 본 저널은 편집자, 저자, 번역자의 노고를 인지하고 오픈 사이언스와 글로벌 사우스(Global South) 학자들의 포용을 도모하는 개방적, 공동체 기반의 다국어 번역 모델을 채택한다. 우리는 저널 편집자들을 대표하여 과학적 논의에 깊이를 더하고, 학문적, 언어적, 인종적 장벽을 허물며, 번역을 단순히 연구 결과의 대규모 확산을 위한 도구로 전락시키는 불공정하고 생태 파괴적인 AI 기반 인프라를 극복하는 인도적 번역 모델 채택을 촉구한다. 이와 같은 비판적 관점에서 오픈 사이언스 운동, 학제 간 융합, 번역 연구의 잠재력을 활용함으로써 공정하고 지속 가능한 지식 생산 및 유통 생태계를 도모할 수 있는 인도적인 번역 환경을 만들 수 있다.김보영, 박희정, 한지운 공동 번역. 전체 번역본은 이곳에서 확인하실 수 있습니다: 시놉시스 在全球出版业的语境下，当前的知识构建、传播和翻译的模式在多个方面似乎都不可持续。该行业目前由出版商寡头控制，其运作依赖于对作者的剥削，并过度倾向于来自全球北方、使用极少数语言种类发表的学术成果。在这种背景下，人工智能生成的翻译和机器翻译越来越多地被用于提供数据的即时、多语种传播，并通过“公平”的话术被推广， 尽管它们加剧了全球知识流通中已经根深蒂固的不平等。《Encounters in translation》积极推广一种替代模式，挑战全球出版业及其日益增长的对人工智能自动翻译的依赖。该期刊采用开放、多语种和社区支持的翻译模式，承认编辑、作者和翻译人员的劳动，并促进开放科学和对全球南方学者的包容性。我们代表期刊编辑部呼吁采用一种人道的翻译模式（a model of humane translation），以丰富科学对话和审议，打破学科、语言和种族壁垒， 绕过不公平且导致生态灾难的人工智能基础设施，这些基础设施将翻译简化为大规模传播研究成果的媒介。这一批判性角度利用开放科学运动的、跨学科的及翻译研究的潜力， 使我们能够创建人道的翻译空间（humane translational spaces），以支持公平和可持续的知识生产和流通的生态系统。译者：杜真真，本文的中文长摘要可在此处查阅：synopsis jeu., 25 juin 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=978 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=1634 The study of the climate crisis and socio-environmental conflicts from cultural, linguistic, and translation-related perspectives has been on the rise in the last two decades. In addition, ‘knowledge translation’ has become one of the key notions in discussions that centre the need to make technical-scientific and health-related knowledge around climate change and its impacts available to the general public and, further, to turn scientific information into effective action. Scholars have argued that this notion, which often ignores inter-lingual translation and its intricacies, can benefit from a deeper engagement with linguistic and intercultural aspects relevant for the target audiences in order to overcome the standard unidirectional understanding of this process (Susam-Saraeva, 2024; Ødemark & Engebretsen, 2022). These important contributions have also stressed the need for transdisciplinary dialogues between translation studies scholars and researchers in other disciplines to better understand how climate change discourse travels the globe and how it is appropriated and used. For example, recent research has called for the need to “redirect the focus from the abstract notion of how translation should be carried out, to how specific actors and agents are already doing actual translation work on the ground” (Susam-Saraeva, 2024, para. 32). The role and characteristics of translation and translators involved in concrete processes within environmental conflicts and climate i ven., 29 mai 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=1634 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=1643 This article examines the creative partnership of actors and playwrights Franca Rame and Dario Fo. While Dario Fo was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1997, his co-author and collaborator Rame remained excluded from international consecration. Recent scholarly efforts have highlighted her key contribution, not only to feminist theatre across the globe, but also as writer, editor and publisher of her and Fo’s work. This article joins this debate by bringing to the fore her key role as agent and practitioner of translation. Methodologically, the article draws on recent appeals to develop a “‘performance-sensitive” approach to translation analysis and to combine it with archival research in theatre translation, so far an under-used approach (Marinetti & De Francisci, 2022). Building on Marinetti (2013), this contribution looks at the linguistic, dramaturgical, and performative aspects of theatre translation under a unified lens, striving to avoid a distinction into discrete phases but rather focusing on their compresence and mutual influence on stage. The article argues that Fo’s international success was possible because of Rame’s innovative translation techniques, which allowed them both to perform their works abroad, thus gaining recognition beyond Italy and the italophone world. A first strategy was that of on-stage translation: when traveling with one (wo)man shows such as Comic Mystery Play and All Bed, Board, and Church, Rame and Fo would perform part of the shows in Italian, w ven., 29 mai 2026 00:00:00 +0200 https://publications-prairial.fr/encounters-in-translation/index.php?id=1643